3D游戏编程入门(十六)索引缓存绘制立方体

T T本想和刚才那个帖在一起的,可是新浪日志限制每帖1万字,呼,再单独的发个立方体代码吧 运行后效果图应当如下:

头文件就不再给出包含了，其他完整代码如下，另部分关于旋转和视角的东西大家暂时先不用管，我以后会慢慢说明的。

// 全局变量:
HINSTANCE hInst;    // 当前实例
TCHAR szTitle[20];    // 标题栏文本
TCHAR szWindowClass[20];   // 主窗口类名
LPDIRECT3D9 g_pD3D = NULL;
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 g_pD3DDevice = NULL;
LPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER9 g_pVertexBuffer = NULL;

// 此代码模块中包含的函数的前向声明:
ATOM    MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
BOOL    InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

//定义定点信息的结构体
struct CUSTOMVERTEX
{
    FLOAT x, y, z;   
    DWORD colour;
};

//自由定点格式的宏定义
#define D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZ|D3DFVF_DIFFUSE)
//COM对象释放的宏定义
#define SafeRelease(pObject) if(pObject != NULL) {pObject->Release(); pObject=NULL;}

//初始化D3D设备
HRESULT InitialiseD3D(HWND hWnd)
{
    //得到一个D3D9的对象
    g_pD3D = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
    if(g_pD3D == NULL)
    {
        return E_FAIL;
    }
    //得到当前的显示模式
    D3DDISPLAYMODE d3ddm;
    if(FAILED(g_pD3D->GetAdapterDisplayMode(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, &d3ddm)))
    {
        return E_FAIL;
    }
    //建立一个存储设备设置的结构体
    D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
    ZeroMemory(&d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp));
    d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE;//为窗口还是全屏
    d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD; //
    d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = d3ddm.Format;//显示模式
    //创建D3D设备
    if(FAILED(g_pD3D->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, hWnd,
                                   D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, &d3dpp, &g_pD3DDevice)))
    {
        return E_FAIL;
    }

    //设置渲染时的剔出模式
    g_pD3DDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_CCW);
    //关闭灯光
    g_pD3DDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING, FALSE);
    return S_OK;
}

HRESULT InitialiseVertexBuffer()
{
    VOID* pVertices;
 
    CUSTOMVERTEX cvVertices[] =
    { 
        //顶面
        {-5.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 255, 255),}, 
        {-5.0f, 5.0f, 5.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 0),},
        {5.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 0),}, 
        {5.0f, 5.0f, 5.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 255, 255),},  
        //侧面 1
        {-5.0f, -5.0f, -5.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 0, 255),}, 
        {-5.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 255, 255),}, 
        {5.0f, -5.0f, -5.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 0),}, 
        {5.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 0, 255),},
        //侧面 2
        {5.0f, -5.0f, 5.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 255, 255),},
        {5.0f, 5.0f, 5.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 0),},  
        //侧面 3
        {-5.0f, -5.0f, 5.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 0),}, 
        {-5.0f, 5.0f, 5.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 0, 255),},
        //侧面 4
        {-5.0f, -5.0f, -5.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 0),}, 
        {-5.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 255, 255),}, 
        //底面
        {5.0f, -5.0f, -5.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 255, 255),}, 
        {5.0f, -5.0f, 5.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 0, 255),}, 
        {-5.0f, -5.0f, -5.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 0, 255),}, 
        {-5.0f, -5.0f, 5.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 0),}, 
    };
    //通过D3D设备指针获得一个定点缓冲的指针
    if(FAILED(g_pD3DDevice->CreateVertexBuffer(sizeof(cvVertices),
                                               0, D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX,
                                               D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &g_pVertexBuffer,NULL)))
    {
        return E_FAIL;
    }

    //锁定定点缓冲区并得到一个存放顶点信息缓冲区的指针
    if(FAILED(g_pVertexBuffer->Lock(0, sizeof(cvVertices), (void**)&pVertices, 0)))
    {
        return E_FAIL;
    }
    //将顶点数组当中的顶点信息复制到顶点缓冲当中
    memcpy(pVertices, cvVertices, sizeof(cvVertices));
    //解锁顶点缓冲
    g_pVertexBuffer->Unlock();
    return S_OK;
}

//设置旋转、移动和缩放，即设置世界变换, 暂时无需管
void SetupRotation() 
{
     D3DXMATRIX matWorld;
     D3DXMATRIX matScaling;
     D3DXMATRIX matTranslation;
     
     D3DXMatrixRotationX(&matWorld,70);
     D3DXMatrixScaling(&matScaling,1.5,1.5,1.5);
     D3DXMatrixTranslation(&matTranslation,5,0,0);
     D3DXMatrixMultiply(&matWorld,&matWorld,&matScaling);
     D3DXMatrixMultiply(&matWorld,&matWorld,&matTranslation);
     g_pD3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &matWorld);
}
//设置摄像机
void SetupCamera()
{
    D3DXMATRIX matView;
    D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&matView, &D3DXVECTOR3(-30.0f, 0.0f,-25.0f),  //摄像机的位置
                                 &D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f),  //摄像机的朝向
                                 &D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));  //摄像机的顶方向
    g_pD3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, &matView);
}

void SetupPerspective()
{
    //Here we specify the field of view, aspect ration and near and far clipping planes.
    D3DXMATRIX matProj;
    D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(&matProj, D3DX_PI/4, 1.0f, 1.0f, 500.0f);
    g_pD3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, &matProj);
}

void Render()
{
    if(g_pD3DDevice == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    //将后备缓冲区全部清空为黑色
    g_pD3DDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0), 1.0f, 0);

    //开始绘制场景
    g_pD3DDevice->BeginScene();

    //设置世界变换、视图变换和投影变换
    SetupRotation();
    SetupCamera();
    SetupPerspective();

    //渲染立方体
    g_pD3DDevice->SetStreamSource(0, g_pVertexBuffer, 0, sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX));   //设置顶点缓冲区
    g_pD3DDevice->SetFVF(D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX);               //设置自由顶点格式
    g_pD3DDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP, 0, 2);  //渲染顶面
    g_pD3DDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP, 4, 8);  //渲染侧面
    g_pD3DDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP, 14, 2); //渲染底面
    //结束绘制场景
    g_pD3DDevice->EndScene();

    //翻页，显示后备缓冲区的内容
    g_pD3DDevice->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
}

//释放COM对象
void CleanUp()
{
    SafeRelease(g_pVertexBuffer);
    SafeRelease(g_pD3DDevice);
    SafeRelease(g_pD3D);
}
void GameLoop()
{
    //进入游戏循环
    MSG msg;
    BOOL fMessage;
    PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0U, 0U, PM_NOREMOVE);
   
    while(msg.message != WM_QUIT)
    {
        fMessage = PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0U, 0U, PM_REMOVE);
        if(fMessage)
        {
            //处理消息
            TranslateMessage(&msg);
            DispatchMessage(&msg);
        }
        else
        {
            //没有消息处理的时候，渲染当前的场景
            Render();
        }
    }
}

int APIENTRY _tWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     LPTSTR    lpCmdLine,
                     int       nCmdShow)
{
    //注册窗口类
    WNDCLASSEX wc = {sizeof(WNDCLASSEX), CS_CLASSDC, WndProc, 0L, 0L,
                     GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
                     "D3DDrawCube", NULL};
    RegisterClassEx(&wc);
    //建立一个应用程序的窗口
    HWND hWnd = CreateWindow("D3DDrawCube", "D3D绘制立方体",
                              WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 50, 50, 500, 500,
                              GetDesktopWindow(), NULL, wc.hInstance, NULL);
    //初始化 Direct3D
    if(SUCCEEDED(InitialiseD3D(hWnd)))
    {
        //显示窗口
        ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_SHOWDEFAULT);
        UpdateWindow(hWnd);
        //初始化顶点缓冲（Vertex Buffer）
        if(SUCCEEDED(InitialiseVertexBuffer()))
        {
            //开始执行游戏: 进入游戏循环
            GameLoop();
        }
    }

    //游戏结束，执行清理工作
    CleanUp();
    //注销窗口类
    UnregisterClass("D3DDrawCube", wc.hInstance);

    return 0;
}
 

//  注册窗口类。
ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
     WNDCLASSEX wcex;
     wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
     wcex.style   = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
     wcex.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WndProc;
     wcex.cbClsExtra  = 0;
     wcex.cbWndExtra  = 0;
     wcex.hInstance  = hInstance;
     wcex.hIcon   = LoadIcon(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_MY);
     wcex.hCursor  = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
     wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
     wcex.lpszMenuName = (LPCTSTR)IDC_MY;
     wcex.lpszClassName = szWindowClass;
     wcex.hIconSm  = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_SMALL);
     return RegisterClassEx(&wcex);
}

// 保存实例句柄并创建主窗口
BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)
{
   HWND hWnd;
   hInst = hInstance; // 将实例句柄存储在全局变量中
   hWnd = CreateWindow(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
      CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
   if (!hWnd)
   {
      return FALSE;
   }
   ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
   UpdateWindow(hWnd);
   return TRUE;
}

// 处理主窗口的消息。
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    switch(message)
    {
        case WM_DESTROY:
            PostQuitMessage(0);
            return 0;
        break;
        case WM_KEYUP:
            switch (wParam)
            {
                case VK_ESCAPE:
                    //当用户按下ESC键的时候，关闭窗口
                    DestroyWindow(hWnd);
                    return 0;
                break;
            }
        break;
    }
    return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}