3D游戏编程入门(十四)D3D绘制三角形完整代码
为了方便大家理解,我这里给出一个完整的代码,因为考虑到理解问题,这里更多的使用的是结构流程化的编程,实际上,我们应该使用更加面向对象化的设计,包括使用预编译头,模板类这些在代码中都没有给出,仅仅实现了一个功能而已.理解就好,另外最后给出了一个应该运行出来的图示.另因为运行环境和新浪博客的格式不同,所以在代码缩进等方面会有一顶出入,不过还不至于影响读程,大家可以拿回自行进行修改调试.
#include < d3dx9.h>
#include < windows.h>
#include < stdlib.h>
#include < malloc.h>
#include < memory.h>
#include < tchar.h>
// 全局变量:
HINSTANCE hInst; // 当前实例
TCHAR szTitle[20]; // 标题栏文本
TCHAR szWindowClass[20]; // 主窗口类名
LPDIRECT3D9 g_pD3D = NULL; // D3D指针
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 g_pD3DDevice = NULL; // D3D设备指针
LPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER9 g_pVertexBuffer = NULL; // 顶点缓存指针
//定义顶点信息的结构体
struct CUSTOMVERTEX
{
FLOAT x, y, z, rhw;
DWORD colour;
};
//定义自由顶点格式
#define D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZRHW|D3DFVF_DIFFUSE)
//定义释放COM对象的宏
#define SafeRelease(pObject) if(pObject != NULL) {pObject->Release(); pObject=NULL;}
// 此代码模块中包含的函数的前向声明:
ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
//初始化D3D设备
HRESULT InitialiseD3D(HWND hWnd)
{
//取得D3D9的对象
g_pD3D = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
if(g_pD3D == NULL)
{
return E_FAIL;
}
//得到当前的显示模式
D3DDISPLAYMODE d3ddm;
if(FAILED(g_pD3D->GetAdapterDisplayMode(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, &d3ddm)))
{
return E_FAIL;
}
//创建一个D3D设备
D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
ZeroMemory(&d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp));
d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE;//全屏模式还是窗口模式
d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;//后台缓冲区复制到前台时,清除后台缓冲区内容
d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = d3ddm.Format;//屏幕的显示模式
//创建一个Direct3D设备
if(FAILED(g_pD3D->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, hWnd,D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, &d3dpp, &g_pD3DDevice)))
{
return E_FAIL;
}
return S_OK;
}
HRESULT InitialiseVertexBuffer()
{
VOID* pVertices;
//顶点信息数组
CUSTOMVERTEX cvVertices[] =
{
{250.0f, 100.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 0, 0),},
{400.0f, 350.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 255, 0),},
{100.0f, 350.0f, 0.5f, 1.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 255),},
};
//通过设备创建顶点缓冲
if(FAILED(g_pD3DDevice->CreateVertexBuffer(3 * sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX),
0, D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX,
D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &g_pVertexBuffer,NULL)))
{
return E_FAIL;
}
//锁定顶点缓冲，并得到一个存放顶点信息的缓冲区的指针
if(FAILED(g_pVertexBuffer->Lock(0, sizeof(cvVertices), (void**)&pVertices, 0)))
{
return E_FAIL;
}
//复制顶点信息
memcpy(pVertices, cvVertices, sizeof(cvVertices));
//解锁顶点缓冲区
g_pVertexBuffer->Unlock();
return S_OK;
}
void Render()
{
if(g_pD3DDevice == NULL)
{
return;
}
//清空后备缓冲区为黑色
g_pD3DDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0), 1.0f, 0);
//开始绘制场景
g_pD3DDevice->BeginScene();
//渲染三角形
g_pD3DDevice->SetStreamSource(0, g_pVertexBuffer, 0, sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX));
g_pD3DDevice->SetFVF(D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX);
g_pD3DDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 1);
//结束绘制场景
g_pD3DDevice->EndScene();
//翻页显示
g_pD3DDevice->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
}
//释放所使用到的所有COM对象
void CleanUp()
{
SafeRelease(g_pVertexBuffer);
SafeRelease(g_pD3DDevice);
SafeRelease(g_pD3D);
}
//游戏循环
void GameLoop()
{
//进入游戏循环
MSG msg;
BOOL fMessage;
PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0U, 0U, PM_NOREMOVE);
while(msg.message != WM_QUIT)
{
fMessage = PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0U, 0U, PM_REMOVE);
if(fMessage)
{
//处理消息
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
else
{
//如果没有消息，则渲染当前的场景
Render();
}
}
}
int APIENTRY _tWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPTSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
{
//注册Windows的窗口类
WNDCLASSEX wc = {sizeof(WNDCLASSEX), CS_CLASSDC, WndProc, 0L, 0L,
GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
"D3DDrawGraphics", NULL};
RegisterClassEx(&wc);
//创建一个窗口
HWND hWnd = CreateWindow("D3DDrawGraphics", "D3D绘制简单图形",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 50, 50, 500, 500,
GetDesktopWindow(), NULL, wc.hInstance, NULL);
//初始化Direct3D
if(SUCCEEDED(InitialiseD3D(hWnd)))
{
//显示窗口
ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_SHOWDEFAULT);
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
//初始化顶点缓冲
if(SUCCEEDED(InitialiseVertexBuffer()))
{
//开始游戏: 进入游戏循环
GameLoop();
}
}
CleanUp();
//撤销窗口类的注册
UnregisterClass("D3DDrawGraphics", wc.hInstance);
return 0;
}
// 注册窗口类
ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
WNDCLASSEX wcex;
wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wcex.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WndProc;
wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;
wcex.cbWndExtra = 0;
wcex.hInstance = hInstance;
wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_MY);
wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
wcex.lpszMenuName = (LPCTSTR)IDC_MY;
wcex.lpszClassName = szWindowClass;
wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_SMALL);
return RegisterClassEx(&wcex);
}
// 保存实例句柄并创建主窗口
BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)
{
HWND hWnd;
hInst = hInstance; // 将实例句柄存储在全局变量中
hWnd = CreateWindow(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
if (!hWnd)
{
return FALSE;
}
ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
return TRUE;
}
// 窗口回调函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch(message)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
break;
case WM_KEYUP:
switch (wParam)
{
case VK_ESCAPE:
DestroyWindow(hWnd);
return 0;
break;
}
break;
}
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}
